A）marrying B）retirement C）economic D）displacing E）competitive F）proportion G）epoch H）verthrowsI）engagement J）tend K）illiterate L）sociable M）providing N）relationship O）traverseMany great social changes take place in the lives of women. The possibility of a paid job gradually 1）( ) some of the old patterns of family life. During the 20th century there has been a great shortening of the 2）_( )_ of a woman’s life spent in child-caring. A woman 3）_( )___ at the end of the 19th century would often have seven or eight children in life. By the time the youngest was 15, the mother would have been in her early 50s. Considering the fact that many of them being 4）__( )__, it was unusual for them to get any paid work. Today women have fewer children. Usually when the youngest child is 15, a woman would be about 45 and is likely to take paid work until 5）__( )__ at 60.This important change in life-pattern marks a new 6）__( )____ for women. It has a great effect on their 7）__( )___ status. Today the school-leaving age is 18. Many girls stay at school after that age, and though women 8）__( )___ to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Many more afterward return to full- or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new 9）___( )___ in marriage, with both husband and wife sharing more equally in 10）___( )__ living expenses and running the home. This change in social roles offers more choices for young girls.

A）adopted B）require C）domestic D）detention E）dogma F）employed G）physically H）reactions I）alien J）household K）rebellions L）psychological M）separately N）vigilant O）competitiveSex prejudices are based on the ideology that biology is destiny. Although somewhat outdated, this 11）____ ___ is still held by some people as true and dominates certain cultures. These people believe that basic biological and 12）____ ____ differences do exist between the sexes, and that these differences 13）___ ____ that each sex plays respective roles in social life. Women are the weaker sex – both 14）___ ____ and emotionally. Thus, they are suited to the performance of 15）___ ___ duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home instead of the 16）____ ___ world outside. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife, mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the 17）____ ____ world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities in communities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”. Any 18）___ _____ to such rules are often silenced. The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the 19）____ ___ should naturally fill the jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be 20）____ ____ as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s role in the home.